
软件学报 ISSN 1000-9825, CODEN RUXUEW E-mail: jos@iscas.ac.cn
Journal of Software,2020,31(1):82112 [doi: 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.005870] http://www.jos.org.cn
©中国科学院软件研究所版权所有. Tel: +86-10-62562563
机械化定理证明研究综述
江
南
1
,
李清安
2
,
汪吕蒙
2
,
张晓瞳
2
,
何炎祥
2
1
(湖北工业大学 计算机学院,湖北 武汉 430068)
2
(武汉大学 计算机学院,湖北 武汉 430072)
通信作者: 何炎祥, E-mail: yxhe@whu.edu.cn
摘 要: 随着现代社会计算机化程度的提高,与计算机相关的各种系统故障足以造成巨大的经济损失.机械化定
理证明能够建立更为严格的正确性,从而奠定系统的高可信性.针对机械化定理证明的逻辑基础和关键技术,详细剖
析了一阶逻辑和基于消解的证明技术、自然演绎和类型化的
演算、3 种编程逻辑、基于高阶逻辑的硬件验证技
术、程序构造和求精技术之间的联系和发展变迁,其中,3 种编程逻辑包括一阶编程逻辑及变体、Floyd-Hoare 逻辑
和可计算函数逻辑.然后分析、比较了各类主流证明助手的设计特点,阐述了几个具有代表性的证明助手的开发和
实现.接下来对它们在数学、编译器验证、操作系统微内核验证、电路设计验证等领域的应用成果进行了细致的
分析.最后,对机械化定理证明进行了总结,并提出面临的挑战和未来研究方向.
关键词: 定理证明;证明助手;消解;自然演绎;类型化的
演算;编程逻辑;求精
中图法分类号: TP18
中文引用格式: 江南,李清安,汪吕蒙,张晓瞳,何炎祥.机械化定理证明研究综述.软件学报,2020,31(1):82112. http://www.jos.
org.cn/1000-9825/5870.htm
英文引用格式: Jiang N, Li QA, Wang LM, Zhang XT, He YX. Overview on mechanized theorem proving. Ruan Jian Xue Bao/
Journal of Software, 2020,31(1):82112 (in Chinese). http://www.jos.org.cn/1000-9825/5870.htm
Overview on Mechanized Theorem Proving
JIANG Nan
1
, LI Qing-An
2
, WANG Lü-Meng
2
, ZHANG Xiao-Tong
2
, HE Yan-Xiang
2
1
(School of Computer Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China)
2
(School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)
Abstra ct : Modern society is now being increasingly computerized. Computer-related failures could result in severe economic loss.
Mechanized theorem proving is an approach to ensuring stricter correctness, and hence high trustworthiness. First, the logical foundations
and key technologies of mechanized theorem proving are discussed. Specifically, first-order logic and resolution-based technology, natural
deduction and Curry-Howard correspondence, three logics of programming including first-order programming logic and its variant, Floyd-
Hoare logic, and logic for computable functions, hardware verification technology based on higher-order logic, and program constructions
and refinement are analyzed, as well as the relationship and evolvement between them. Then key design features of the mainstream proof
assistants are compared, and the development and implementation of several representative provers are discussed. Next their applications
in the fields of mathematics, compiler verification, operating-system microkernel verification, and circuit design verification are analyzed.
Finally, mechanized theorem proving is summarized and challenges and future research directions are put forward.
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(90818018, 91018009, 61170022, 91118003, 61373039); 华为技术有限公司合作项目(YB201509
0035); 湖北工业大学校博士科研启动基金(BSQD2017043)
Foundation item: National Natural Science Foundation of China (90818018, 91018009, 61170022, 91118003, 61373039); Huawei
Technologies Co. Ltd Project (YB2015090035); Doctoral Research Startup Foundation of Hubei University of Technology (BSQD2017
043)
收稿时间: 2018-07-20; 修改时间: 2018-10-27, 2019-03-04; 采用时间: 2019-05-22; jos 在线出版时间: 2019-08-09
CNKI 网络优先出版: 2019-08-12 12:08:23, http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2560.TP.20190812.1208.013.html
评论