迁移到云是否消除了对 DBA 的需求？.pdf
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Does Migration
to the Cloud Eliminate
the Need for a DBA?
W HITEPAPER
Today, many companies are already using or seriously considering cloud databases as a service (DBaaS) options
with Amazon RDS, Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure now the leading providers. One of the alluring attributes of
DBaaS is that many of the concerns about running and managing a database are ooaded to the service provider.
The provider guarantees uptime and access with built-in redundancies to ensure data availability, and in many
cases handles backups and scaling. So, do you really need a DBA anymore?
The answer is, a resounding YES! While the service provider is ensuring access to the data, they are not
concerned with the viability or performance of the database as it relates to your application. Backups can be
handled by them, but testing those backups is not. The service providers make it easy to scale your environment,
but they do not look to see if there are options other than, “throw more hardware at it” that will work as well or
better than scaling up. Similarly, a lot of people take advantage of the flexibility to scale up, but they don’t often
act quickly to scale down, which is critical in periods of economic downturn. Finally, technologies can mask the
impact that poor design choices have, and database optimization tends to move from the forefront of importance
to the back burner.
Database Administrators in the Age of DBaaS
Service providers do an excellent job of maintaining access to data and ensuring its availability. As mentioned,
they also handle scalability, allowing you to expand your environment as needed to meet needs. But their services
tend to stop at basic operations, leaving you to handle the optimization of the database and determining the overall
value of the service.
A database administrator makes certain that the database is meeting the needs of the business and application,
both now and in the future. If the business direction changes or if there are significant application edits, there
is often a need to rethink database decisions. While it is tempting to allow your database to “manage itself,” is it
synonymous with the idea that simply planting seeds will provide an abundant garden of flowers and vegetables.
Without maintenance and care, weeds will start to grow in your garden and start using the resources that you
intended for your desired plants. You can decide to enlarge your garden to accommodate this new weed growth,
or more likely, you will decide to prune to limit the weeds from taking over. With databases, this equates to
scaling up or pruning the data to keep the size manageable. Although both can be viable options, an informed
decision-maker, the DBA can help ensure you make the best choice for your business.
Accommodating Business Changes
DBaaS can be especially appealing when a company is just starting out with a new product. Instead of sourcing or
hiring someone to manage the database and servers, that eort can be handled by the service provider and the
company can focus its eorts and resources on the application and product. This can work out nicely since each
group can direct their energies to a specific task.
However, this can cause issues when there is a change in the direction of the company. If the corporate direction
shifts, it may signal a need to correspondingly redirect the database. Without someone with knowledge and
understanding of both sides of the equation, it is easy to get out of balance. A garden that is prepared for vegetables
is not an orchard no matter how much more land you provide. The same holds true for your database environment.
What may have worked well in the past may not be ideal as your company’s goals and direction change.
Scaling Concerns
The service providers are happy to have you scale your environment up to meet growth needs. After all, they make
more money and you get continued access to your data. But there may come a time where you need to consider
options to accommodate growth in a more cost-eective manner is key. For many of our customers, this is the
point where they reach out to us for assistance. While we can help provide some options, it is easier if this sort
of review is done on a more regular basis. Using the garden analogy, this is the dierence between only weeding
when your garden is overwhelmed by weeds versus removing the problem plants as they appear.
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