方法一、对新环境安装和rman备份源库一样的补丁版本；
1.恢复后检查组件是否有异常的；
select comp_id,comp_name,versionfrom dba_registry ;
2.对于DB来说补丁分好几种.GI补丁，DB软件补丁，这些你都需要在新环境安装； --你之前怎么打的软件补丁，新环境安装就行。 安装软件补丁不需要建库，没有安装db，打软件补丁不影响。

另外两个补丁，ojvm以及DB层面执行的SQL脚本; 这两个数据库执行sql脚本修改数据字典的可以忽略，这部分信息在rman恢复后也会有，如果你备份的db里面有ojvm组件，那么根据ojvm补丁的安装html阅读一下，如果只是sql执行脚本，可以忽略。如果是涉及操作系统执行安装，可能修改了Oracle软件，这部分新环境也要安装。
也就是说，对于新环境安装补丁，是软件层面的修改，进行同步，DB层面的，在数据文件中都包含了，不用重复执行sql脚本；

方法二、就是RMAN恢复之后，降低版本了；
Frequently Asked Questions about Restoring Or Duplicating Between Different Versions And Platforms (Doc ID 369644.1)
2) Can I restore or duplicate between two different patchset levels?
As you can restore between different Oracle version, you can also do so between two different patchset levels. See question #1 for details.

Note, you must follow the instructions in the appropriate readme file. If resetlogs is required, you can execute:

SQL> alter database open resetlogs upgrade;
OR
SQL> alter database open resetlogs downgrade;

As needed before executing the required scripts to either upgrade or downgrade to a patch level.
Because RMAN “duplicate” attempts to automatically open the database you may not use RMAN duplicate for this case, only RMAN restore.

Starting from RDBMS 12c there is a new option available with the DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE -> the NOOPEN-clause,
which is than suitable for restoring and recovering the database.
.
NOOPEN
Specifies that the duplicate database must not be opened after it is created.
By default, RMAN creates a duplicate database and then opens it in RESETLOGS mode.
.
选择rman restore ,recover之后，使用down降低版本，就不用安装补丁了
SQL> alter database open resetlogs downgrade;

–最后，这个问题没搞过，整完了可以分享一下看看实际情况